Postgres Patterns

loulanyue/awesome-claude-notes-postgres-patterns

PostgreSQL database patterns for query optimization, schema design, indexing, and security. Based on Supabase best practices.

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the whole folder, loaded on every use

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instructions only

copies elsewhere

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265

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on the repository, not the skill itself

Install

one command, takes just this skill from the repository

npx skills add https://github.com/loulanyue/awesome-claude-notes --skill postgres-patterns

The instruction itself

1 sections, as written by the author

PostgreSQL 패턴

PostgreSQL 모범 사례 빠른 참조. 자세한 가이드는 database-reviewer 에이전트를 사용하세요.

활성화 시점

SQL 쿼리 또는 마이그레이션을 작성할 때
데이터베이스 스키마를 설계할 때
느린 쿼리를 문제 해결할 때
Row Level Security를 구현할 때
커넥션 풀링을 설정할 때

빠른 참조

인덱스 치트 시트

| 쿼리 패턴 | 인덱스 유형 | 예시 |

|--------------|------------|---------|

| WHERE col = value | B-tree (기본값) | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |

| WHERE col > value | B-tree | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |

| WHERE a = x AND b > y | Composite | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (a, b) |

| WHERE jsonb @> '{}' | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |

| WHERE tsv @@ query | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |

| 시계열 범위 | BRIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING brin (col) |

데이터 타입 빠른 참조

| 사용 사례 | 올바른 타입 | 지양 |

|----------|-------------|-------|

| ID | bigint | int, random UUID |

| 문자열 | text | varchar(255) |

| 타임스탬프 | timestamptz | timestamp |

| 금액 | numeric(10,2) | float |

| 플래그 | boolean | varchar, int |

일반 패턴

복합 인덱스 순서:

-- Equality columns first, then range columns
CREATE INDEX idx ON orders (status, created_at);
-- Works for: WHERE status = 'pending' AND created_at > '2024-01-01'

커버링 인덱스:

CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) INCLUDE (name, created_at);
-- Avoids table lookup for SELECT email, name, created_at

부분 인덱스:

CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
-- Smaller index, only includes active users

RLS 정책 (최적화):

CREATE POLICY policy ON orders
  USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = user_id);  -- Wrap in SELECT!

UPSERT:

INSERT INTO settings (user_id, key, value)
VALUES (123, 'theme', 'dark')
ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
DO UPDATE SET value = EXCLUDED.value;

커서 페이지네이션:

SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > $last_id ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
-- O(1) vs OFFSET which is O(n)

큐 처리:

UPDATE jobs SET status = 'processing'
WHERE id = (
  SELECT id FROM jobs WHERE status = 'pending'
  ORDER BY created_at LIMIT 1
  FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
) RETURNING *;

안티패턴 감지

-- Find unindexed foreign keys
SELECT conrelid::regclass, a.attname
FROM pg_constraint c
JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
  AND NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
    WHERE i.indrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
  );

-- Find slow queries
SELECT query, mean_exec_time, calls
FROM pg_stat_statements
WHERE mean_exec_time > 100
ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC;

-- Check table bloat
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup, last_vacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 1000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;

구성 템플릿

-- Connection limits (adjust for RAM)
ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections = 100;
ALTER SYSTEM SET work_mem = '8MB';

-- Timeouts
ALTER SYSTEM SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '30s';
ALTER SYSTEM SET statement_timeout = '30s';

-- Monitoring
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;

-- Security defaults
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM public;

SELECT pg_reload_conf();

원문

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