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Reverse Proxy Agent Skill

by BagelHole

Configure nginx and Traefik as reverse proxies. Implement SSL termination and routing. Use when setting up application gateways.

3k tokens
context cost
the whole folder, loaded on every use
1
files
instructions only
0
copies elsewhere
how many repositories repackaged it
511
stars on the repo
on the repository, not the skill itself

Install

one command, takes just this skill from the repository 
npx skills add https://github.com/BagelHole/DevOps-Security-Agent-Skills --skill reverse-proxy

The instruction itself

17 sections, as written by the author

Reverse Proxy

Configure reverse proxies to route traffic, terminate TLS, enforce rate limits, and serve as the gateway between clients and backend services.

When to Use

  • Routing traffic from a public domain to one or more backend services.
  • Terminating TLS at the edge and forwarding plain HTTP to backends.
  • Adding rate limiting, CORS, security headers, and access control.
  • Consolidating multiple services under a single domain with path-based routing.
  • Handling WebSocket upgrades, gRPC proxying, or HTTP/2 passthrough.

Prerequisites

  • Backend service(s) running on known host:port.
  • TLS certificate (Let's Encrypt, ACM, or self-signed for development).
  • nginx 1.25+ or Traefik 3.x installed.
  • DNS record pointing the domain to the proxy server.

nginx Reverse Proxy

Basic HTTPS Proxy with Redirect

# /etc/nginx/sites-available/app.example.com
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name app.example.com;
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name app.example.com;

    # TLS configuration
    ssl_certificate     /etc/letsencrypt/live/app.example.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/app.example.com/privkey.pem;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers         ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_cache   shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;

    # Security headers
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options DENY always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff always;
    add_header Referrer-Policy strict-origin-when-cross-origin always;

    # Proxy to backend
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

        # Timeouts
        proxy_connect_timeout 5s;
        proxy_read_timeout 60s;
        proxy_send_timeout 60s;

        # Buffering
        proxy_buffering on;
        proxy_buffer_size 4k;
        proxy_buffers 8 4k;
    }
}

Path-Based Routing to Multiple Services

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name app.example.com;

    ssl_certificate     /etc/letsencrypt/live/app.example.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/app.example.com/privkey.pem;

    # Frontend SPA
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
    }

    # API backend
    location /api/ {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_read_timeout 120s;
    }

    # WebSocket endpoint
    location /ws/ {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_read_timeout 86400s;  # 24h for long-lived connections
    }

    # Static assets with caching
    location /static/ {
        alias /var/www/static/;
        expires 30d;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
    }
}

Rate Limiting

# Define rate limit zones in http block
http {
    # 10 requests/second per IP
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api_limit:10m rate=10r/s;

    # 1 request/second for login
    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=login_limit:10m rate=1r/s;

    # Connection limit per IP
    limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=conn_limit:10m;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name app.example.com;

    # Apply rate limit to API
    location /api/ {
        limit_req zone=api_limit burst=20 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
    }

    # Strict rate limit on auth endpoints
    location /api/auth/ {
        limit_req zone=login_limit burst=5;
        limit_req_status 429;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
    }

    # Connection limit
    location / {
        limit_conn conn_limit 100;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
    }
}

Gzip and Brotli Compression

http {
    gzip on;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml image/svg+xml;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 5;

    # Brotli (requires ngx_brotli module)
    # brotli on;
    # brotli_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml image/svg+xml;
    # brotli_comp_level 6;
}

Let's Encrypt with Certbot

# Install certbot with nginx plugin
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

# Obtain and install certificate
sudo certbot --nginx -d app.example.com -d www.example.com

# Auto-renewal is configured via systemd timer
sudo systemctl status certbot.timer

# Manual renewal test
sudo certbot renew --dry-run

Traefik Reverse Proxy

Static Configuration

# traefik.yml
entryPoints:
  web:
    address: ":80"
    http:
      redirections:
        entryPoint:
          to: websecure
          scheme: https
  websecure:
    address: ":443"

certificatesResolvers:
  letsencrypt:
    acme:
      email: [email protected]
      storage: /letsencrypt/acme.json
      httpChallenge:
        entryPoint: web

providers:
  docker:
    exposedByDefault: false
  file:
    directory: /etc/traefik/dynamic/

api:
  dashboard: true
  insecure: false

log:
  level: INFO

accessLog:
  filePath: /var/log/traefik/access.log

Dynamic Configuration (File Provider)

# /etc/traefik/dynamic/services.yml
http:
  routers:
    app:
      rule: "Host(`app.example.com`)"
      entryPoints:
        - websecure
      service: app
      tls:
        certResolver: letsencrypt
      middlewares:
        - security-headers
        - rate-limit

    api:
      rule: "Host(`app.example.com`) && PathPrefix(`/api`)"
      entryPoints:
        - websecure
      service: api
      tls:
        certResolver: letsencrypt

  services:
    app:
      loadBalancer:
        servers:
          - url: "http://127.0.0.1:3000"
        healthCheck:
          path: /health
          interval: 10s
          timeout: 3s

    api:
      loadBalancer:
        servers:
          - url: "http://127.0.0.1:8080"
        healthCheck:
          path: /api/health
          interval: 10s
          timeout: 3s

  middlewares:
    security-headers:
      headers:
        stsSeconds: 63072000
        stsIncludeSubdomains: true
        frameDeny: true
        contentTypeNosniff: true
        browserXssFilter: true
        referrerPolicy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin

    rate-limit:
      rateLimit:
        average: 100
        burst: 50
        period: 1m

Traefik with Docker Labels

# docker-compose.yml
version: "3.8"

services:
  traefik:
    image: traefik:v3.0
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro
      - ./traefik.yml:/etc/traefik/traefik.yml:ro
      - letsencrypt:/letsencrypt

  frontend:
    image: my-frontend:latest
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.rule=Host(`app.example.com`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.frontend.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.services.frontend.loadbalancer.server.port=3000"

  api:
    image: my-api:latest
    labels:
      - "traefik.enable=true"
      - "traefik.http.routers.api.rule=Host(`app.example.com`) && PathPrefix(`/api`)"
      - "traefik.http.routers.api.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
      - "traefik.http.services.api.loadbalancer.server.port=8080"
      - "traefik.http.routers.api.middlewares=api-ratelimit"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.api-ratelimit.ratelimit.average=50"
      - "traefik.http.middlewares.api-ratelimit.ratelimit.burst=25"

volumes:
  letsencrypt:

nginx Testing and Management

# Test configuration syntax
sudo nginx -t

# Reload without downtime
sudo nginx -s reload

# View active connections
sudo nginx -s status

# Check which config file is active
nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o '\-\-conf-path=[^ ]*'

# Monitor access logs
tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log

# Monitor error logs
tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log

IP Allowlisting and Geoblocking

# Allow only specific IPs (admin panel)
location /admin/ {
    allow 203.0.113.0/24;
    allow 198.51.100.5;
    deny all;
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
}

# Block by country (requires GeoIP2 module)
# geoip2 /usr/share/GeoIP/GeoLite2-Country.mmdb {
#     auto_reload 60m;
#     $geoip2_data_country_iso_code country iso_code;
# }
# if ($geoip2_data_country_iso_code = "XX") {
#     return 403;
# }

Troubleshooting

| Symptom | Cause | Fix |

|---------|-------|-----|

| 502 Bad Gateway | Backend not running or unreachable | Verify backend is listening; check proxy_pass URL |

| 504 Gateway Timeout | Backend too slow | Increase proxy_read_timeout; check backend performance |

| Mixed content warnings | X-Forwarded-Proto not set | Add proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme |

| WebSocket disconnects after 60s | Default proxy timeout expires | Set proxy_read_timeout 86400s for WebSocket locations |

| Rate limit hits legitimate users | Zone rate too aggressive | Increase rate or burst values; use different zones per endpoint |

| Let's Encrypt renewal fails | Port 80 blocked or wrong server block | Ensure .well-known/acme-challenge/ is accessible |

| Traefik shows 404 for all routes | Docker labels not detected | Verify Docker socket is mounted; check exposedByDefault setting |

| TLS handshake failure | Certificate chain incomplete | Include intermediate certificates in ssl_certificate |

Related Skills

  • load-balancing - Multi-backend traffic distribution
  • cdn-setup - CDN in front of reverse proxy
  • dns-management - DNS records for proxy domains
  • service-mesh - Service-level routing in Kubernetes

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How to use it

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Take bagelhole/reverse-proxy from the repository into ~/.claude/skills for personal use, or into .claude/skills inside a project.

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