Coordinated wallet cluster detection, wash trading identification, and fake activity analysis for Solana tokens
npx skills add https://github.com/agiprolabs/claude-trading-skills --skill sybil-detection
Sybil attacks in Solana token markets involve a single entity operating many wallets to create the illusion of organic activity. This skill covers detecting coordinated wallet clusters, wash trading, bundled transactions, and fake holder inflation — critical for evaluating whether a token's metrics reflect real demand or manufactured signals.
Token markets on Solana are rife with manufactured signals:
A token showing 1,000 holders with 80% funded from 3 wallets is fundamentally different from one with 1,000 independently-funded holders. Sybil detection separates real demand from theater.
Trace each holder wallet back 1-2 hops to find who sent them SOL:
import httpx
def trace_funding_source(wallet: str, api_key: str, max_hops: int = 2) -> list[str]:
"""Trace SOL funding sources for a wallet via Helius parsed transactions."""
url = f"https://api.helius.xyz/v0/addresses/{wallet}/transactions"
resp = httpx.get(url, params={"api-key": api_key, "type": "TRANSFER", "limit": 50})
transfers = resp.json()
funders = []
for tx in transfers:
for transfer in tx.get("nativeTransfers", []):
if transfer["toUserAccount"] == wallet and transfer["amount"] > 0.001 * 1e9:
funders.append(transfer["fromUserAccount"])
return funders
Key signals:
Wallets that buy the same token at nearly the same time are likely coordinated:
def detect_co_trades(buy_events: list[dict], slot_window: int = 3) -> list[list[str]]:
"""Group wallets that bought within the same slot window."""
buy_events.sort(key=lambda x: x["slot"])
clusters = []
current_cluster = [buy_events[0]]
for i in range(1, len(buy_events)):
if buy_events[i]["slot"] - current_cluster[0]["slot"] <= slot_window:
current_cluster.append(buy_events[i])
else:
if len(current_cluster) >= 3:
clusters.append([b["wallet"] for b in current_cluster])
current_cluster = [buy_events[i]]
if len(current_cluster) >= 3:
clusters.append([b["wallet"] for b in current_cluster])
return clusters
Interpretation:
Multiple buys packed into a single Solana transaction or Jito bundle:
def check_bundle_ratio(early_buys: list[dict], bundle_window_slots: int = 5) -> dict:
"""Calculate the ratio of bundled vs independent early buys."""
bundled = [b for b in early_buys if b.get("is_bundled", False)]
first_slot = min(b["slot"] for b in early_buys) if early_buys else 0
early = [b for b in early_buys if b["slot"] - first_slot <= bundle_window_slots]
return {
"total_early_buys": len(early),
"bundled_buys": len(bundled),
"bundle_ratio": len(bundled) / max(len(early), 1),
"bundled_supply_pct": sum(b["amount"] for b in bundled) / max(sum(b["amount"] for b in early), 1),
}
See references/bundler_detection.md for PumpFun-specific patterns and Jito bundle mechanics.
Same entity buying and selling through multiple wallets to inflate volume:
Signals:
def detect_wash_cycles(transfers: list[dict], holder_set: set[str]) -> list[tuple]:
"""Find circular transfer patterns among known holders."""
# Build directed graph of transfers between holders
edges: dict[tuple, float] = {}
for t in transfers:
if t["from"] in holder_set and t["to"] in holder_set:
key = (t["from"], t["to"])
edges[key] = edges.get(key, 0) + t["amount"]
# Find reciprocal pairs (A->B and B->A both exist)
wash_pairs = []
for (a, b), vol_ab in edges.items():
vol_ba = edges.get((b, a), 0)
if vol_ba > 0:
wash_pairs.append((a, b, vol_ab, vol_ba))
return wash_pairs
Identify wallets controlled by the token creator:
| Metric | Formula | Healthy | Suspicious | Critical |
|--------|---------|---------|------------|----------|
| Unique funder ratio | unique_funders / total_holders | > 0.8 | 0.4-0.8 | < 0.4 |
| Funding cluster size | max(cluster_sizes) | < 5 | 5-20 | > 20 |
| Co-trade score | wallets_in_first_3_slots / total_holders | < 0.1 | 0.1-0.3 | > 0.3 |
| Bundle ratio | bundled_buys / total_early_buys | < 0.1 | 0.1-0.4 | > 0.4 |
| Bundled supply % | bundled_token_amount / total_supply_sold | < 5% | 5-20% | > 20% |
| Transfer density | internal_transfers / total_transfers | < 0.1 | 0.1-0.3 | > 0.3 |
| Wash trade pairs | reciprocal_pairs / total_holder_pairs | 0 | 1-3 pairs | > 3 pairs |
Combine individual signals into a single sybil risk score (0-100):
def compute_sybil_score(metrics: dict) -> dict:
"""Compute composite sybil risk score from individual metrics."""
weights = {
"funding_cluster": 25, # Wallets from same funder
"co_trade": 20, # Coordinated buy timing
"bundle_ratio": 20, # Bundled early transactions
"unique_funder": 15, # Diversity of funding sources
"transfer_density": 10, # Internal transfers between holders
"wash_trade": 10, # Circular trading patterns
}
scores = {}
# Each sub-score normalized to 0-1, then weighted
scores["funding_cluster"] = min(metrics.get("max_cluster_size", 0) / 20, 1.0)
scores["co_trade"] = min(metrics.get("co_trade_pct", 0) / 0.3, 1.0)
scores["bundle_ratio"] = min(metrics.get("bundle_ratio", 0) / 0.5, 1.0)
scores["unique_funder"] = 1.0 - min(metrics.get("unique_funder_ratio", 1.0), 1.0)
scores["transfer_density"] = min(metrics.get("transfer_density", 0) / 0.3, 1.0)
scores["wash_trade"] = min(metrics.get("wash_pairs", 0) / 5, 1.0)
composite = sum(scores[k] * weights[k] for k in weights)
risk_level = "LOW" if composite < 30 else "MEDIUM" if composite < 60 else "HIGH"
return {"score": round(composite, 1), "risk_level": risk_level, "components": scores}
| Source | What It Provides | Auth Required |
|--------|-----------------|---------------|
| Helius parsed transactions | Funding history, transfer details, parsed instruction data | API key (free tier: 30 req/s) |
| SolanaTracker API | Bundler detection, holder lists, token metadata | API key |
| Solana RPC (getSignaturesForAddress) | Raw transaction signatures for any wallet | RPC URL |
| Solana RPC (getTokenLargestAccounts) | Top holders by balance | RPC URL |
| DexScreener | Basic token/pair data for cross-referencing | None |
# 1. Get top holders
holders = get_top_holders(token_mint, rpc_url)
# 2. Trace funding sources for each holder
funding_map = {}
for wallet in holders[:30]: # Top 30 is usually sufficient
funding_map[wallet] = trace_funding_source(wallet, helius_key)
# 3. Cluster by common funder
clusters = cluster_by_funder(funding_map)
# 4. Check co-trade timing
early_buys = get_early_buy_events(token_mint, helius_key)
co_trade_groups = detect_co_trades(early_buys)
# 5. Check for bundles
bundle_stats = check_bundle_ratio(early_buys)
# 6. Check wash trading
transfers = get_token_transfers(token_mint, helius_key)
wash_pairs = detect_wash_cycles(transfers, set(holders))
# 7. Compute composite score
metrics = {
"max_cluster_size": max(len(c) for c in clusters) if clusters else 0,
"co_trade_pct": sum(len(g) for g in co_trade_groups) / len(holders),
"bundle_ratio": bundle_stats["bundle_ratio"],
"unique_funder_ratio": len(set(f for fs in funding_map.values() for f in fs)) / len(holders),
"transfer_density": len(wash_pairs) / max(len(holders), 1),
"wash_pairs": len(wash_pairs),
}
result = compute_sybil_score(metrics)
print(f"Sybil Risk: {result['risk_level']} ({result['score']}/100)")
| File | Description |
|------|-------------|
| references/clustering_methods.md | Funding source clustering, co-trade timing analysis, graph-based detection methods |
| references/bundler_detection.md | Bundled transaction detection, PumpFun patterns, Jito bundle mechanics |
| scripts/detect_sybils.py | Full sybil detection pipeline: holders -> funding -> clusters -> risk score |
| scripts/funding_tracer.py | Trace funding sources for a set of wallets, group by common ancestor |
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