Desktop Principles

.button {
  background: var(--surface);
  transition: background 120ms ease-out, transform 120ms ease-out;
}

.button:hover {
  background: var(--surface-hover);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.button:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

struct ToolbarButton: View {
  @State private var hovering = false

  var body: some View {
    Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up")
      .padding(8)
      .background(hovering ? Color.gray.opacity(0.15) : .clear)
      .onHover { hovering = $0 }
      .animation(.easeOut(duration: 0.12), value: hovering)
      .hoverEffect(.highlight) // iPadOS pointer support, no-op on macOS
  }
}

@OptIn(ExperimentalComposeUiApi::class)
@Composable
fun ToolbarButton(onClick: () -> Unit) {
  val interactionSource = remember { MutableInteractionSource() }
  val hovered by interactionSource.collectIsHoveredAsState()

  Box(
    modifier = Modifier
      .hoverable(interactionSource)
      .background(if (hovered) Color.LightGray.copy(alpha = 0.15f) else Color.Transparent)
      .clickable(onClick = onClick)
      .padding(8.dp),
  ) { Icon(Icons.Default.Share, contentDescription = "Share") }
}

// Prefer event.metaKey on macOS, event.ctrlKey elsewhere.
// navigator.platform is deprecated but still pragmatic; fall back to userAgent.
const isMac = /Mac|iPhone|iPad/.test(navigator.platform || navigator.userAgent);

window.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
  const cmdOrCtrl = isMac ? e.metaKey : e.ctrlKey;
  if (cmdOrCtrl && e.key.toLowerCase() === "k") {
    e.preventDefault();
    openCommandPalette();
  }
});

Button("New Document", action: newDoc)
  .keyboardShortcut("n", modifiers: .command)

Button("Find", action: focusSearch)
  .keyboardShortcut("f", modifiers: .command)

@OptIn(ExperimentalComposeUiApi::class)
fun Modifier.commandShortcut(key: Key, onTrigger: () -> Unit) =
  onKeyEvent { event ->
    if (event.type == KeyEventType.KeyDown && event.isMetaPressed && event.key == key) {
      onTrigger(); true
    } else false
  }

// In MenuBar:
MenuBar {
  Menu("File") {
    Item("New", shortcut = KeyShortcut(Key.N, meta = true), onClick = ::newDoc)
    Item("Find", shortcut = KeyShortcut(Key.F, meta = true), onClick = ::focusSearch)
  }
}

@main
struct MyApp: App {
  var body: some Scene {
    WindowGroup("Document") { DocumentView() } // peer windows, one per doc

    Window("Inspector", id: "inspector") { InspectorView() }
      .windowResizability(.contentSize) // tracks intrinsic content size

    Settings { SettingsView() } // ⌘+, target on macOS
  }
}

fun main() = application {
  val docs = remember { mutableStateListOf(Document()) }

  docs.forEach { doc ->
    Window(onCloseRequest = { docs.remove(doc) }, title = doc.title) {
      DocumentView(doc)
    }
  }

  if (showInspector) {
    Window(onCloseRequest = { showInspector = false }, title = "Inspector") {
      InspectorView()
    }
  }
}

struct LoginForm: View {
  enum Field { case email, password }

  @State private var email = ""
  @State private var password = ""
  @FocusState private var focused: Field?

  var body: some View {
    VStack {
      TextField("Email", text: $email)
        .focused($focused, equals: .email)
        .onSubmit { focused = .password }
      SecureField("Password", text: $password)
        .focused($focused, equals: .password)
        .onSubmit(submit)
    }
    .onAppear { focused = .email }
  }
}

val emailFocus = remember { FocusRequester() }
val passwordFocus = remember { FocusRequester() }
val focusManager = LocalFocusManager.current

TextField(
  value = email, onValueChange = { email = it },
  modifier = Modifier.focusRequester(emailFocus).focusable(),
  keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(onNext = { passwordFocus.requestFocus() }),
)

TextField(
  value = password, onValueChange = { password = it },
  modifier = Modifier.focusRequester(passwordFocus).focusable(),
  keyboardActions = KeyboardActions(onDone = { focusManager.clearFocus(); submit() }),
)

LaunchedEffect(Unit) { emailFocus.requestFocus() }

.button {
  /* Never `outline: none` without an alternative. */
}

.button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--ring);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

<!-- tabindex="0" puts a non-interactive element in tab order -->
<div role="button" tabindex="0" class="button">Custom button</div>

/* BAD - every hover bounces for 600ms, exhausting after the third use */
.card {
  transition: transform 600ms cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}
.card:hover { transform: scale(1.05); }

/* GOOD - 100ms opacity, almost subliminal, never tires */
.card {
  opacity: 0.92;
  transition: opacity 100ms ease-out;
}
.card:hover { opacity: 1; }

<!-- BAD - 1440px viewport, infinite room, but nav is collapsed -->
<header>
  <button class="hamburger" aria-label="Menu">☰</button>
</header>
<nav class="drawer hidden">...</nav>

<!-- GOOD - persistent sidebar on desktop, collapsible if the user wants it -->
<aside class="sidebar">
  <nav>
    <a href="/inbox">Inbox</a>
    <a href="/projects">Projects</a>
    <a href="/archive">Archive</a>
  </nav>
  <button class="collapse-toggle" aria-label="Collapse sidebar">⇤</button>
</aside>

// BAD - "New" is buried in a menu, no shortcut, every creation is 3 clicks
<Toolbar>
  <Menu>
    <MenuItem onClick={newDoc}>New document</MenuItem>
  </Menu>
</Toolbar>

// GOOD - ⌘N baseline, surfaced in the menu, mirrored on the toolbar tooltip
<Toolbar>
  <button onClick={newDoc} title="New document (⌘N)">
    <PlusIcon />
  </button>
</Toolbar>
// Bound globally:
useShortcut("mod+n", newDoc);
useShortcut("mod+s", save);
useShortcut("mod+f", focusSearch);

/* BAD - keyboard users now have no idea where focus is */
button:focus { outline: none; }

/* GOOD - :focus-visible keeps mouse clicks ring-free, keyboard navigation visible */
button:focus { outline: none; }
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--brand-500);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}